INFLUENCE OF PARENTS SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL GOVERNMENT STUDENTS, ILORIN WEST L.G.A, KWARA STATE (History Ed.)

ABSTRACT

   Socio-economic background of parents has been identified as a major factor affecting the academic performance of students; therefore, it becomes important to investigate the influence of parents’ socio-economic status on the academic performance of students in Government in Ilorin West Local Government Area of Kwara State.

 An analysis of the data collected was done by using percentage and t-test statistics to reveal the influence of parents’ socio-economic status of students and their performance in the objective Government test administered on them. The researcher made use of senior secondary schools in Ilorin West Local Government Area of Kwara State. Questionnaire was administered to the students to gather information about their parents’ socio-economic status and the study involved five selected secondary schools offering Government as a subject in the area

          The findings reveal that there exist a linear relationship between the parents’ socio-economic status and students’ academic performance. It was discovered that the type of parental occupation, level education and income have significant influence on the academic performance of the students in Government in Ilorin West Local Government Area of Kwara State.

          Based on the findings, it was recommended that, students’ academic performance should not be attributed only to teacher’s teaching and learning environment, but as well, students’ parental socio-economic status should be considered and school administrator should try to encourage students and give them positive counselling and motivation in their study in school so as to foster ease attainment of students’ educational goals and aspirations.          
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHER PRODUCTIVITY AND STUDENTS ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study                                                                                         

The success of the school system in achieving its goals and objectives depends on the efficiency and effectiveness of its teachers. Productivity is typically measured as a ratio of output to input. Measuring productivity in schools requires a measure of both efficiency and effectiveness. In educational system, productivity refers to the ratio between the total educational outputs and the resource inputs utilized in the production process. To a large extent, most definitions productivity in education is related to outputs, which are subtest scores on an achievement rating. Productivity as the actual level of input per unit of output or the possibility of improving input – output relations by new methods equipment and techniques. Generally, researcher make use of various criteria to evaluate the productivity of teachers. These include principals rating, teacher–peer group rating, ratings by teacher colleagues, Heads of Department rating, self ratings,students ratings of their teachers and students academic performance.

Recent research consistently finds that teacher productivity is the most important component of a schools effect on student learning and that there is considerable heterogeneity in teacher productivity within and across schools.

However, relatively little is known about what makes some teachers more productive than others in promoting students achievement. The first few years of teacher experience improve productivity. 

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CHANGE AND CONTINUITY IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF IJEBU ODE (1900- 1960) (History)

                                                                             PREFACE

            The change and continuity in the socio-economic development of Ijebu-Ode from 1900 to 1960 is a research project that projects the image of the town as a prosperous town in the ancient Yoruba Kingdom before the coming of the Europeans. Ijebu-Ode was and is still a prominent town in Ijebu Kingdom. The town of Ijebu-Ode had its setting before the coming of Europeans in the 18^th century. As a result of the introduction of Education, Religion, foreign crops, technologies and more, the setting of Ijebu-Ode changed from the period of 1900 to 1960. As a result of the closeness of Ijebu-Ode to the coast, they were very successful among other Yoruba people. They served as the intermediary between the Europeans and the hinterland. As a result of her power, the European decided to make contact with the Ijebus instead of other Yoruba kingdoms.

            This project also takes a look at the several economic activities the people engaged during the period under review which made Ijebu-Ode people prominent in the region. Some of the factors are agriculture, hunting, trading, palm oil and fishing.

            Another important aspect of this project is the coming of the new religion: Christianity. These new religions came into the town and converted the hearts of the people to their various religions. The ways and means used would be discussed extensively in the course of the project.

CONCLUSION

            The change and continuity of the socio-economic development of Ijebu-Ode from the period of 1900 to 1960 has explained the setting of Ijebu from the pre-colonial period to the period of colonialism and then briefed about the post-colonial period of Ijebu-Ode. It sites that Ijebu is one out of the Major Yoruba groups and that the Europeans first made contact with Ijebu when they came to the Yorubas. Settings of Ijebu-Ode before the advent of colonial masters are involved their economic setting which was mainly built around them engaging in occupations like agriculture, pottery, basketry, trading, blacksmithing and many more. The socio-political setting of Ijebu-ode was similar to other Yoruba kingdom like Oyo and the rest where there is a Supreme ruler and he has subordinates. The supreme ruler in Ijebu-Ode is called AWUJALE.

            From the early 19^th century to the late 19^th century, this work talks and examines the setting of Ijebu-Ode during the period of colonialism in this region. Changes were experienced in the Economic, Socio-Cultural and Socio-Political Settings. Examples of this changes are; development in the agricultural structure of Ijebu-ode. The government endeavored in using women for the planting and production of vegetables and cash crops in the area. The production level increased and they acquired greater economic value. In terms of indigenous technology, technology had been long attached to Ijebu so the application of local method or approaches to achieving products or good of need was much more profound during this period. Furthermore, during this period, the growth of market was enlarged. One of the markets established during this period is Oja Oba and it is a periodic one that functions every five days. During this period, Christianity and English Language were introduced to the people of Ijebu. Europeans came to Ijebu and to be able to interact with them, they introduced their own language and culture. A notable change in the political setting of Ijebu-Ode is the change from the Sole Native Authority System to Native Authority Council.

            In spite of the machinery of imperialism, colonization provided by the British consul and missionary education, they were not all that way successful in eroding away the culture of the people. In the society, the indigenes may have taken to white men’s language, dresses, education, hospital, food which are aspects of the western civilization, this does not make the people to forget about their culture which in itself is very difficult to put aside and to the indigenes, adoption of foreign ideas could not make them to forget their locality of life which is their social heritage.

            It is pertinent to say therefore, that this work has enabled us know a lot about Ijebu-Ode from the pre-colonial period till date. The society might have witnessed a lot of changes in the political, economic and socio-cultural values, but there is no reliable account that the people have really succeeded in rejecting themselves against white men’s enclosure on their traditional and social values. 

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